Crosslinked polyimide foams derived from pyromellitic dianhydride and 1,1-bis(4-aminophenyl)-1-phenyl-2,2,3-trifluoroethane with poly(α-methylstyrene)

摘要

A new route for the synthesis of high glass transition temperature, thermally stable polymer foams with pore sizes in the nanometre regime has been developed, using compositionally asymmetric microphase-separated block copolymers where the minor component (poly(α-methylstyrene)) is thermally labile and the major component (polyimide) is thermally stable. The minor component can unzip to its monomer upon heating, and the decomposition products can diffuse out of the film, leaving behind pores embedded in a matrix of the thermally stable component. In this study, the polyimide block was crosslinked with ethynyl functionalities to obtain a stable porous structure. The decomposition of the α-methylstyrene in the block copolymer was studied by thermogravimetric, dynamic mechanical and thermomechanical analyses. Mild conditions were required to avoid rapid depolymerization of the α-methylstyrene and plasticization of the polyimide matrix. The foams showed pore sizes with diameters up to a micrometre in size as well as the expected reduction in the mass density. However, the crosslinking of the matrix as a means of stabilizing the expected nanofoams was not successful.